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In 1856 the Englishman William Thompson took to the world's first detectable underwater photographs. The Frenchman Louis Boutan created in 1893 together with the mechanic Joseph David in the Bay Banyuls-sur-Mer Underwater Photos by which he regarded as the true founder of underwater photography. Named From 1908 Francis Ward photographed for the first time underwater motifs such as pike, otters, frogs, diving water birds in color with Autochrome plates - named after him the most important German UW photo competition "camera Louis Boutan" was - organized by the Association of German Sports Divers. In 1915 John Ernest Williamson turned the first underwater film. 1923 developed William Harding Longley and Charles Martin, a method with artificial light over a magnesium flash to capture fish tropical coral reefs in color. The Austrian Hans Hass, who is considered the founder of modern underwater photography in 1939 published the first book on underwater photography. Ten years later, the German company Franke & Heidecke developed the Rolleimarin, an underwater housing for the medium format twin-lens reflex Rolleiflex. Constructed in 1957 Jean de Wouters and Jacques-Yves Cousteau, the Calypso Phot, named after the research vessel Calypso, a miniature underwater camera that has been marketed since 1963 under license from Nikon Nikonos under the product. This camera was developed in different versions, some in SLR technology, to 2001 Nikonos V (KB-camera) or Nikonos RS (SLR). Since about 1990 there were for various SLR and film cameras with underwater housings. Specialist providers manufacture complete systems for digital cameras. With the boom of digital cameras, housings are available for underwater photography for many popular models.